When the main body reaches the beach landing site, the scout at the waterline directs them to the other scout who guides them to the assembly area. After the last team member has passed him, the scout at the waterline disguises any tracks left in the sand and then rejoins the main body.
If at all possible, the cache site and the assembly area should be different locations. If the enemy discovers and follows the tracks or trails from the beach to the assembly area, he can easily determine the number of personnel involved in the operation by counting the swim gear.
Additionally, the cached equipment maybe needed to support exfiltration at another location. Helocasting can be an effective means of inserting and extracting LRS teams and equipment.
The speed, range, and lift capability of rotary-wing aircraft make them excellent waterborne delivery and recovery vehicles. Helocast preparation considerations are as follows. When planning for the number of personnel per type of aircraft, the leader uses the standard troop-loading planning figures. These figures are adjusted depending on aircraft configuration, type of equipment, and casting or recovery procedures. These items are coordinated in advance with the aircrew. A rehearsal of the operation is conducted to include all jumpers, the crew, the accompanying equipment, and support personnel.
The leader emphasizes body exit position, exit timing, commands, and water entry position during live casting rehearsals. This normally includes masks, fins, web belts with knives, and flares. The leader ensures all jumpers wear life vests.
When helocasting from a ramp, such as a CH, the cast master gives the following commands: "Get ready," "Stand up," "Check equipment," "Sound off with equipment check," and "Go. When using a single rotor aircraft for recovery operations, a wire ladder is lowered to the swimmers who are on-line at meter intervals in the recovery area.
Due to the hazards involved, the leader emphasizes safety in all aspects of planning and executing helicopter casting and recovery operations.
Rappelling can provide a team a means of quick insertion with or without an LZ. It can be done regardless of terrain or the availability of LZs. See TC for more information. SPIES is not recommended for infiltration because team members are exposed the entire time. The nature of SPIES operations is such that a thorough briefing is required for all participants before the operation is conducted.
For personnel being extracted, they must receive extensive training in the SPIES extraction before infiltration.
For the other personnel involved, a complete preoperations briefing is held before the operation starts. This is especially crucial in a situation where additional assets are involved, other than the extraction helicopter gunships, aerial observers, artillery support, and so on.
The briefing should consist of but not be restricted to a review of When time and situation permit, personnel who are not familiar with SPIES are encouraged to watch or take part in the rigging of the helicopter. This not only builds personnel confidence in the equipment, but it assists in a more comprehensive training of new SPIES masters.
Because of the noise associated in all helicopter operations, radios must be used to communicate. Radios are used to communicate before the arrival of the helicopter. Precise arm-and-hand signals must be established in the event of radio failure or poor communications. During the first part of the operations, the SPIES master must observe daytime or know that a definite procedure is taking place night or jungle while the teams are hooking up to the SPIES rope for extraction.
After the team has been located, the SPIES master must assist the pilot in directing the helicopter to the proper distance over the team. At this point, the team leader should be in a position to move and approach the rope as it is dropped by the SPIES master.
Once the rope is clear of any obstacles, the team leader signals the team to their assigned positions along the 10 hookup points. Using the primary, or harness snap link, each team member hooks to the D-ring on his side of the line.
This is the primary hookup. Once this is done, he then hooks into the alternate or second hookup point, using the safety line and snap link. Then, he should face forward along the line so that he is heading in the direction he is traveling when the aircraft starts its assent. With the other hand, he gives a thumbs-up signal to allow both the team leader and the SPIES master to see he is ready to go. Once all the team members have done this task, the team leader physically inspects if time and situation permits or hooks himself in on the lowest point along with the radio operator to ensure the running end is clear of all obstacles and gives the thumbs-up signal to the SPIES master.
This thumbs-up signal, at night an arranged light signal, will continue until a safe altitude is reached. The helicopter may start a transition in a horizontal direction on its return flight. Emergency Procedures. During the flight, from extraction until the team is safely and quickly detached from the SPIES rope, there should be a conscientious effort on the part of each team member to be aware of any problem which may arise from above or below.
The soldier above checks the soldier below. At the first sign of danger or if there is an emergency, the team leader or a team member places his freehand on his head. Dismounting Procedures. The familiarization training phase is the time to ensure all members are aware that when the terrain allows, and on reaching the ground, they should immediately head in the direction of the nose or 12 o'clock of the aircraft.
This allows the pilot to see that the team is out from under the aircraft. If an emergency situation with the helicopter arises at this point, the pilot can make a better appraisal of the situation if he can see all the members of the team at the 12 o'clock position.
If the helicopter is making a scheduled landing at this time, the team ensures that the SPIES rope does not interfere with the aircraft and ensures that the aircraft does not land on the rope. Operational Training. In preparing for an operation, if the situation, mission, and or terrain suggests the possibility of a SPIES extraction, the leader should include the SPIES harness in each individual's equipment list.
If the mission or insertion precludes the wearing of the harness during the mission, it should be carried inside the pack being used. Once the extraction helicopter has been requested, the harness may be retrieved and donned before extraction.
Land Extraction Procedures. The SPIES should be used only in those cases where the team requires immediate extraction or cannot move to a clear open position suitable for helicopter landing. Water Extraction Procedure. For this procedure, three inflatable life vests or any type of flotation device is tied to the SPIES. A flotation device is tied to each end of the attachment points; one flotation device is tied in the middle of the attachment point area, just above the middle two sets of D-rings.
He may also wear swimming fins, mask, and snorkel amphibious operations to ease hooking up to the SPIES rope within the spray area beneath the hovering helicopter. The commanding officer must ensure that this qualification is entered on the soldier's record. On arrival at the team's estimated position, the SPIES master assists the pilot to determine the exact location of the team members.
Dismounting Duties. On arrival at the dismounting area, the SPIES master informs the pilot the approximate height of the lower rope end from the ground. Outdated, spliced, abraded, or cut rope is removed from service. Repairs and Cleaning. The UH-1H may or may not have a cargo hook. The following equipment is required:. UH may or may not have a cargo hook.
The CH does not have a cargo hook. See Figure The following equipment is required:. Before conducting a fast-rope operation, a thorough inspection of the fast rope is necessary.
Inspection of the Rope. The rope must be laid out to inspect the entire rope. See Figure NOTE: For arctic or other cold weather operations or during flights of long duration, the cargo doors may be closed and locked until the time specified for opening time.
Seat belts or CGU strap. Millions discover their favorite reads on issuu every month. Give your content the digital home it deserves. Get it to any device in seconds. Previous page Next page. Simple wraps of rope around two poles or sticks square lashing or three poles or sticks tripod lashing. Wraps begin and end with clove hitches and get tighter with fraps. All together, they form a lashing. The basic knots and methods of tying them that you should know for your survival are as follows:.
This is the simplest of all knots and used to be the safety, or finishing, knot for all Army knots. Because it had a tendency to undo itself without load, it has since been replaced by the overhand.
Overhand Figure G This is the simple knot that most people tie everyday as the first half of tying their shoes. It can also be used to temporarily whip the end of a rope. This knot should replace the half-hitch as a finishing knot for other knots. This knot alone will reduce the strength of a straight rope by 55 percent. Square Figure G A good, simple knot for general purpose use. This knot is basically two overhand knots that are reversed, as in Right over Left, Left over Right.
It is used to tie the ends of two ropes of equal diameter together just like your shoe laces and must be secured with an overhand on both ends. It is easy to inspect, as it forms two loops and is easy to untie after being loaded. Round turn and two half-hitches Figure G This is the main anchor knot for one-rope bridges and other applications when a good anchor knot is required and where high loads would make other knots jam and difficult to untie.
It is most used to anchor rope to a pole or tree. Clove hitch and end-of-the-line clove hitch Figures G-5 and G It can be used to fasten a rope to a tree or pipe and also puts little strain on the rope. It is an easy anchor knot but tension must remain on the knot or it will slip.
This can be remedied by making another loop around the object and under the center of the clove hitch.
Sheep shank Figure G
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